← All scales
Hierarchy

The Board of Trade Unit

The reason your electricity bill still says "units".

Origin

Established under the Electric Lighting Acts, which made the Board of Trade the authority for electrical standards as public supply spread from the 1880s.

The catch

The Board of Trade Unit is simply the kilowatt-hour. The name vanished from law decades ago, but British electricity bills still describe consumption in units, and a good many customers have no idea they are quoting a Victorian government department.

Joule1 watt for 1 second
× 3,600
Watt-hour3,600 J
× 1,000
× 29.3the gas equivalent, for comparison
Therm105.5 MJ

The Board of Trade appointed electrical standards inspectors and maintained reference instruments, because a nascent industry selling an invisible product needed a referee. That regulatory function passed through several bodies and now sits with Ofgem and the National Physical Laboratory, but the vocabulary survived the institutions. It is a small monument to Victorian administration on every quarterly bill.

We use a small number of essential cookies to remember your theme preference and your recent conversions. Those are always on, because the site cannot work without them.

We would also like to use Google Analytics to understand which pages people find useful. That is entirely optional, and declining changes nothing about how the site works for you. Read the cookie policy.