Sayings from the Scales
English is full of phrases that were once precise quantities. Here is where they came from, and an honest note on which origins are actually proven.
🪙 Money & Reckoning
Pennies, shillings and farthings, from a currency that ran on 240 pence to the pound.
“Spend a penny”
Origin documentedTo go to the lavatory.
“Turn up like a bad penny”
Origin documentedTo reappear when unwanted.
“The penny dropped”
Origin documentedSudden understanding after a delay.
“A penny for your thoughts”
Origin documentedWhat are you thinking about?
“A penny saved is a penny earned”
Origin contestedEconomy is as valuable as income.
“In for a penny, in for a pound”
Origin documentedHaving committed at all, commit fully.
“Penny wise, pound foolish”
Origin documentedCareful with small sums while wasteful with large ones.
“A pretty penny”
Origin documentedA large sum of money.
“Ten a penny”
Origin documentedCommon and of little value.
“Not worth a farthing”
Origin documentedEntirely worthless.
“Look after the pennies and the pounds will look after themselves”
Origin likelySmall economies accumulate into large ones.
“Take the King's shilling”
Origin documentedTo enlist; to accept an obligation by taking payment.
“Cut off with a shilling”
Origin contestedDisinherited.
“Penny-farthing”
Origin documentedThe high-wheeled Victorian bicycle.
“A pound of flesh”
Origin documentedA debt exacted to the letter, however cruelly.
“Spoil the ship for a ha'porth of tar”
contestedTo ruin something valuable by refusing to spend a trivial amount on finishing it properly.
📏 Length & Distance
Inches, miles, fathoms and furlongs, in phrases that still measure something.
“Rule of thumb”
Origin likelyA rough practical method, good enough without precision.
“Give an inch and they'll take a mile”
Origin documentedA small concession invites a much larger demand.
“A miss is as good as a mile”
Origin documentedA narrow failure is still a failure.
“Won't budge an inch”
Origin documentedAbsolutely immovable.
“Every inch a king”
Origin documentedThoroughly and unmistakably what one claims to be.
“Within an inch of his life”
Origin documentedVery nearly to the point of death.
“Go the extra mile”
Origin documentedTo do more than is required.
“A stone's throw”
Origin documentedA short distance.
“Down to the last furlong”
Origin documentedIn the closing stage of a long effort.
“A yardstick”
Origin documentedA standard for comparison.
“The whole nine yards”
Origin contestedEverything; the full extent of something.
“To fathom something out”
Origin documentedTo understand something after effort.
“Full fathom five”
Origin documentedDrowned; lost at sea.
“Deep six”
Origin likelyTo dispose of something permanently.
“Six feet under”
Origin likelyDead and buried.
“A mile and a bittock”
Origin documentedConsiderably further than you have been led to believe.
“An Irish mile”
Origin documentedA distance that turns out much longer than promised.
“A country mile”
Origin likelyA long and imprecise distance.
⚖️ Weight & Measure
Grains, ounces, stones and tons, and the mistrust between buyer and seller.
“Worth its weight in gold”
Origin documentedExtremely valuable.
“A grain of truth”
Origin documentedA very small amount of accuracy in something largely false.
“An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure”
Origin documentedSmall precautions save large remedies.
“Not an ounce of sense”
Origin documentedEntirely without judgement.
“Carrying a bit of weight”
Origin documentedBeing somewhat heavier than one might wish.
“Like a ton of bricks”
Origin likelyWith sudden, overwhelming force.
“Short measure”
Origin documentedBeing cheated of what you are owed.
“Weighed in the balance and found wanting”
Origin documentedAssessed and judged inadequate.
🍺 Volume & Drink
Pints, quarts, pecks and bushels, mostly from the alehouse and the market.
“Take it with a pinch of salt”
Origin likelyTo treat something with scepticism.
“Mind your Ps and Qs”
Origin contestedWatch your behaviour; be careful what you do or say.
“You can't get a quart into a pint pot”
Origin documentedSome things simply will not fit.
“Pint-sized”
Origin documentedSmall, usually said of a person affectionately.
“A peck of trouble”
Origin documentedA considerable amount of difficulty.
“Hiding your light under a bushel”
Origin documentedConcealing your talents or achievements.
“A wee dram”
Origin documentedA small measure of whisky.
“A Scots pint”
Origin documentedConsiderably more drink than an English visitor expects.
🔢 Counting & Time
Dozens, scores and moments: units of number rather than of size.
“A baker's dozen”
Origin documentedThirteen rather than twelve.
“Six of one, half a dozen of the other”
Origin documentedTwo options that amount to the same thing.
“Talking nineteen to the dozen”
Origin contestedSpeaking very rapidly.
“Four score and seven years ago”
Origin documentedEighty-seven years ago.
“Threescore years and ten”
Origin documentedSeventy years; a full human lifespan.
“In a moment”
Origin documentedVery shortly.